Searching WorldCat indexes: Quick reference

• Ignores http: and https:
• Punctuation is treated as spaces

• Ignores http: and https:
• Include spacing characters ~ ^ _
• Include these characters: . @ ? % = _ , \ ' ~ ^ |
• Keeps other leading text (for example, fttp// or gopher//). Omit the colon. Enter with the slashes or substitute a space.

• To limit a search by authentication code, enter ac=[code]
• To exclude records by authentication code, enter not ac=[code]

co: 

(WorldShare)

cn:

(Connexion)

co:enron

cn:enron

co=

(WorldShare)

cn=

(Connexion)

co=enron corp

cn=enron corp

dc:20100401

• For a single date, enter date in the format yyyymmdd (y=year, m=month, d=day).

• Include all letters and numbers
• Include the period
• Omit all other punctuation
• Omit spaces
• Searches retrieve records containing first set of numbers following the period (up to first prime), if present, including records that contain groups of numbers following the first set

• Enter all numbers and letters
• Omit spaces and punctuation
• Index label not required

mt:url

not mt:url

• Label is not required
• Enter all numbers and letters
• Use this index if it is the first or only search term
• Omit spaces and hyphens

• Label is not required
• Always include the hyphen
• Omit spaces

• Label is not required
• If the ISSN ends in x, enter * to truncate

ln:

(WorldShare)

la:

(Connexion)

ln:eng

la:eng

• Available for searching with three-character code only
• Qualifier
• 2-character codes are in ISO 639
• Use to limit a search to records with one or more languages

nl:

(WorldShare)

ln:

(Connexion)

nl:32000014

ln:32000014

• Enter with or without hyphen separating the year from the serial portion
• Include year portion (two or four digits)
• Omit spaces
• Use circumflex (^) to exclude LCCNs that have prefixes

nl=

(WorldShare)

ln=

(Connexion)

nl=big band music

ln=big band music

• Enter with or without hyphen separating the year from the serial portion
• Include year portion (two or four digits)
• Use circumflex (^) to exclude LCCNs that have prefixes

• Indexes subfield $a only
• Enter all numbers and letters
• Include periods, but omit all other punctuation and spaces

• Indexes subfield $a and $b together
• Enter all numbers and letters
• Include periods, but omit all other punctuation
• Include spaces

• Enter letters and numbers
• Omit punctuation and spaces

• Enter letters and numbers
• Omit punctuation
• Spaces can be used except for in parenthetical data, which is indexed as a separate word
• For multiple numbers, see entry in Searching WorldCat Indexes.

• Enter all letters and numbers
• Omit punctuation except hyphens
• Omit spaces

• Retain first comma in name if the comma is not the last element of a subfield
• Retain hyphens in dates

• Retain first comma in name if the comma is not the last element of a subfield
• Retain hyphens in dates

• Enter all letters and numbers
• Omit punctuation and spaces
• ISBN and ISSN numbers are indexed up to the first parenthesis only

• Enter all numbers and letters up to the first parenthesis
• Include periods
• Omit all other punctuation and spaces

yr:0099

yr:1980

yr:1980-1989